Study of Routing Techniques in Hierarchical based Structures of Wireless Sensor Networks

Abstract

In recent years, there is a huge availability of smaller, cheaper and intelligent sensors. These sensors are equipped with wireless interfaces to form a network. This network is well known as Wireless Sensor Network. The applications of wireless sensor networks comprise a wide variety of scenarios and in every scenario, the network composed of a significant number of nodes deployed in an extensive area. Routing techniques are in charge of discovering and maintaining the routes in the network. However, the appropriateness of a particular routing technique mainly depends on the capabilities of the nodes and network architecture to improve Network lifetime expectancy and energy efficiency of WSN. In particular, we systematically analyze routing in hierarchical based structures of WSN and compare these different hierarchical based approaches according to their energy efficiency and network lifetime.